Aiding and Abetting

Aiding and abetting is a legal doctrine that holds a person criminally responsible for encouraging, inciting, or otherwise assisting another person in committing a crime, even when that person did not commit the underlying offense themselves. Under historical English common law, aiding and abetting required the accomplice's presence during the crime, while acting as an accessory before the fact required their absence; many modern jurisdictions have since merged the two categories into a single doctrine of complicity. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/