Voyeurism

The act of secretly observing, photographing or recording another person in a state of undress, engaged in a private or intimate act, or in a place and circumstance where they have a reasonable expectation of privacy, without their knowledge or consent, typically for the offender's own sexual gratification. It became a more prominent statutory offense from the 1990s and 2000s onward as small, easily concealed recording devices and later smartphones made covert recording far easier, prompting many jurisdictions to add or strengthen criminal provisions, sometimes called voyeurism laws or upskirting laws, targeting conduct that older peeping-tom statutes had not clearly covered.