Offenses in which an individual offender or organized scheme deceives an ordinary consumer, employee, tenant or other individual victim directly, rather than a financial market, a business's own books, a bank, an insurer or the state. This group gathers classic confidence tricks and their many modern variants, including romance scams, technical-support scams, advance-fee scams, timeshare fraud and a wide range of documented swindles by name; deceptive retail and advertising practices such as bait-and-switch, false advertising and return fraud; discriminatory financial and housing practices including predatory lending, redlining, racial steering and blockbusting; and direct exploitation of a vulnerable person, including elder financial abuse, economic abuse, wage theft and price gouging during an emergency. It is this subcategory's largest and most varied group by design, since it is the destination for a scheme aimed at an individual victim that is not more specifically a securities, banking, insurance, identity or counterfeit-goods offense as those groups define them.