A blood sport in which trained dogs are pitted against each other in a physical fight, often to the death, for gambling or entertainment, staged in venues such as barns, basements, warehouses and streets, with a fight typically ending when one dog dies, can no longer continue, or flees the pit. Most countries have criminalized the practice; it is illegal throughout the European Union and most of South America, and in the United States it is a felony in all fifty states and US territories, though it remains legal in some countries including Japan, China and Albania. In the United States, dogfighting is prosecuted under statutes separate from general animal cruelty law and carries stiffer penalties, and forty eight states also make it illegal merely to attend a fight as a spectator; Canada has criminalized dogfighting since 1892, though its law requires police to catch participants during the act itself, which is often difficult.
Facts
Typical PenaltyUnited States federal law: fine, imprisonment for not more than 5 years, or both, for each violation (18 USC 49(a)) 2 Elements of OffenseKnowingly sponsoring or exhibiting an animal in an animal fighting venture (United States, 7 USC 2156(a)(1)) 1 Notable ExampleMichael Vick, who pled guilty in 2007 to funding a dogfighting operation and was sentenced to 23 months in prison 3 Classification
Offense GradeMinor or Summary Offense 1 Connections
Has Offense Grade
Entity-backed identity for the offense-grade enum value this offense already carries, resolved to a crime concept by an explicit value-to-entity map (phase 3 bucket conversion, docs\design_entity_backed_browse_buckets_20260928.md). The offense-grade fact itself stays on the offense unchanged.
Sources
1. 7 U.S. Code 2156, Animal fighting venture prohibition (Cornell LII)
7 USC 2156(a)(1)Quote, 7 USC 2156(a)(1)
knowingly sponsor or exhibit an animal in an animal fighting venture
View the Source 2. 18 U.S. Code 49, Enforcement of animal fighting prohibitions (Cornell LII)
18 USC 49(a)Quote, 18 USC 49(a)
shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both, for each violation
View the Source 3. Animal Legal Defense Fund, Case Study: Animal Fighting, Michael Vick
Federal sentencing paragraph (December 2007)Quote, Federal sentencing paragraph (December 2007)
The judge sentenced Michael Vick to 23 months in prison.
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